DestinationsMalaysia

Historical Landmarks and Sightseeing around Shah Alam

1. What is the most famous historical landmark in Shah Alam?


The most famous historical landmark in Shah Alam is the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Mosque, also known as the Blue Mosque.

2. How old is the Shah Alam Mosque and what makes it unique?


The Shah Alam Mosque is approximately 30 years old, having been completed in 1988.

One of the things that makes the Shah Alam Mosque unique is its modern and futuristic design. Influenced by traditional Islamic architecture, it features a striking blue and white dome, multiple minarets, and intricate geometric patterns.

Another unique feature of the mosque is its large prayer hall which can accommodate up to 24,000 worshippers at one time. It also has several other facilities including a library, auditorium, classrooms, and sports complex.

The mosque also incorporates environmentally friendly features such as natural lighting and ventilation systems, rainwater harvesting systems, and solar panels for energy efficiency. It also has a beautiful landscaped gardens and a large reflecting pool on its grounds.

3. Can you see any traces of ancient civilizations in Shah Alam?


Yes, there are traces of ancient civilizations in Shah Alam. One example is the Lembah Bujang Archaeological Park, which was once a thriving Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in the 3rd to 12th centuries. The park contains numerous ruins and artifacts from this ancient civilization, including temples, tombs, and stone inscriptions.
Other traces of ancient civilizations can also be found in the form of old settlements and cultural practices among indigenous communities such as the Orang Asli (aboriginal people) who have inhabited the area for centuries. Some traditional practices and crafts, such as weaving and pottery-making, have been passed down through generations and can still be observed in certain areas of Shah Alam.
Additionally, there are remnants of colonial influence from the British era in Shah Alam, such as old government buildings and landmarks like the Klang Railway Station and Sultan Suleiman’s Clubhouse. These serve as reminders of Malaysia’s history under British rule.

4. Are there any important cultural and religious sites in Shah Alam?

Yes, there are several important cultural and religious sites in Shah Alam. Some examples include:

– Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Mosque: This is the largest mosque in Malaysia and a significant place of worship for Muslims in Shah Alam.
– Sri Sundararaja Perumal Temple: This is one of the oldest Hindu temples in Shah Alam, dedicated to Lord Vishnu.
– Shah Alam Gallery: This art gallery showcases local and international works and hosts exhibitions, workshops, and talks on arts and culture.
– Section 19 Chinese Temple: This is a popular temple for the Chinese community in Shah Alam to worship and celebrate festivals.
– Buddhist Society METTA Vihara: This Buddhist temple holds regular meditation sessions, Dharma talks, and other spiritual activities.

5. Is Shah Alam known for any traditional foods?
Yes, Shah Alam is known for several traditional dishes and foods that reflect its diverse cultural heritage. Some popular ones include:

– Nasi Lemak: A dish made with rice cooked in coconut milk and served with sambal (spicy chili paste), ikan bilis (anchovies), roasted peanuts, cucumber slices, boiled egg, and choice of meat or vegetables.
– Roti Canai: A type of flatbread usually served with dal (lentil curry) or chicken curry as a breakfast or snack option.
– Bak Kut Teh: Literally translated as “pork bone tea”, this dish consists of pork ribs cooked in a flavorful broth with herbs and spices.
– Cendol: A dessert made with shaved ice, green rice-flour jelly noodles, coconut milk, gula melaka (palm sugar), and red beans.

6. What are some popular festivals celebrated in Shah Alam?
Some of the popular festivals celebrated in Shah Alam include:

– Eid-ul-Fitr: Also known as Hari Raya Aidilfitri, this festival marks the end of the Islamic holy month of Ramadan and is celebrated with prayers, family gatherings, and feasting on traditional dishes.
– Thaipusam: This Hindu festival is dedicated to Lord Murugan and involves a procession of devotees carrying kavadis (ornately decorated structures) as an act of penance and thanksgiving.
– Chinese New Year: Celebrated by the Chinese community in Shah Alam, this festival sees the streets lined with red lanterns and symbolic decorations to welcome the new year.
– Vesak Day: A Buddhist holiday that commemorates the birth, enlightenment, and death of Buddha. Buddhists in Shah Alam celebrate it with candlelight processions and acts of charity.

5. Who were the original inhabitants of Shah Alam?


The original inhabitants of Shah Alam were the Temuan and Mah Meri tribes, indigenous people who have been living in the area for centuries.

6. Are there any guided tours available for sightseeing around Shah Alam’s landmarks?


Yes, there are several guided tours available for sightseeing around Shah Alam’s landmarks. Here are a few options:

1. Discover Shah Alam City Tour: This tour takes you to some of the top landmarks in Shah Alam, including the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Mosque, i-City Theme Park, and the Shah Alam Lake Gardens. It also includes a visit to a batik factory and a local market.

2. Selangor Heritage Tour: This tour covers not only Shah Alam’s landmarks but also other historic sites in the state of Selangor, such as the Royal Gallery in Klang and Masjid Sultan Abdul Aziz.

3. Kuala Lumpur & Selangor Highlights Tour: This tour starts at Kuala Lumpur and includes a stop at the iconic Petronas Twin Towers before heading to Shah Alam for a visit to its famous landmarks.

4. Private and customized tours: Many travel agencies offer private and customized tours of Shah Alam where you can choose which landmarks you want to visit and tailor the itinerary according to your preferences.

You can book these tours through various online travel websites or directly through local travel agencies in Shah Alam.

7. What are some must-visit museums or art galleries in the city?

Some must-visit museums and art galleries in the city include:
– The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Known as “The Met,” this world-renowned museum houses an extensive collection of art and artifacts from around the world, spanning over 5,000 years of human history.
– MoMA (Museum of Modern Art): One of the most influential museums dedicated to modern and contemporary art, featuring works by some of the most famous artists in the world.
– The Whitney Museum of American Art: A prominent institution for showcasing contemporary American art, with a focus on supporting living artists.
– The Guggenheim Museum: Designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, this iconic building houses a collection of modern and contemporary art.
– The Frick Collection: Housed in the former residence of industrialist Henry Clay Frick, this museum displays a selection of old master paintings, sculptures, and decorative arts.
– The Museum at FIT (Fashion Institute of Technology): A must-visit for fashion lovers, this museum explores the history and significance of fashion through exhibitions and installations.
– New-York Historical Society Museum & Library: This institution offers exhibits on the history of New York City and the United States, as well as rotating exhibitions on various themes.
– American Museum of Natural History: A popular attraction for all ages, this museum features collections on a variety of scientific subjects such as dinosaurs, space exploration, human evolution, and more.

8. How has tourism impacted the preservation of historical sites in Shah Alam?


Tourism has played a significant role in the preservation of historical sites in Shah Alam. The city, located in Selangor, Malaysia, is known for its rich cultural heritage and historical significance. Over the years, tourism has become one of the main economic drivers for Shah Alam, and with it, there has been an increased focus on preserving its historical sites.

Here are some ways in which tourism has impacted the preservation of historical sites in Shah Alam:

1) Increased awareness and appreciation: With an influx of tourists visiting Shah Alam, there has been a growing interest in learning about the city’s history and cultural heritage. This has led to increased awareness and appreciation for the historical sites by both locals and tourists.

2) Incentives for conservation: The government of Malaysia offers incentives and financial aids to private organizations or individuals involved in heritage conservation efforts. This encouragement from the government has motivated people to take up conservation projects for the city’s historical sites.

3) Revenue for restoration and maintenance: Tourism generates revenue that can be used for restoration and maintenance of historical sites. This allows for better upkeep and preservation of these sites, ensuring their longevity.

4) Sustainable tourism practices: To protect historical sites while still promoting tourism, sustainable practices have been put in place. This includes limiting visitor numbers at certain sites to avoid overcrowding and implementing regulations to protect fragile structures.

5) Promotion of cultural activities: Tourism promotes cultural activities such as traditional performances, local crafts, and gastronomy in Shah Alam. These activities not only showcase the city’s cultural heritage but also provide a source of income for local communities who have a stake in preserving their history.

6) Collaborations with conservation organizations: Several conservation organizations have collaborated with tourist agencies to raise funds and awareness for preserving historical sites in Shah Alam. These partnerships play a crucial role in maintaining these landmarks by providing much-needed resources and expertise.

In conclusion, tourism has had a positive impact on preserving historical sites in Shah Alam. It has brought attention and resources to these sites, allowing for their protection and conservation. This, in turn, benefits both tourists and locals, as they are able to experience the rich cultural heritage of the city while ensuring its preservation for future generations.

9. Is there a specific time or season when it’s best to visit historical landmarks in Shah Alam?


The best time to visit historical landmarks in Shah Alam would be during the dry season, which is from mid-November to March. The weather during this period is generally pleasant and there is less chance of rain, making it ideal for outdoor activities such as visiting historical landmarks. Additionally, it is also recommended to avoid public holidays and weekends as the sites may be more crowded with tourists.

10. Are there any hidden gems or lesser-known historical sites worth visiting in Shah Alam?

One lesser-known historical site worth visiting in Shah Alam is the Sultan Abdul Aziz Royal Gallery, which showcases the history and heritage of Selangor’s royal family. Another hidden gem is the Japanese Garden, a tranquil green space designed to reflect traditional Japanese gardens. Visitors can also check out Taman Tasik Shah Alam, a beautiful lake park with scenic views and recreational activities like boating and cycling. The Selangor State Mosque Museum is also worth a visit for its collection of artifacts related to Islam.

11. What is the significance of Taman Tasik Sultan Abdul Aziz as a local attraction and relaxation spot?


Taman Tasik Sultan Abdul Aziz is a popular local attraction in Malaysia known for its beautiful lake and tranquil surroundings. It was named after the late Sultan of Selangor, Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah, and was built in 1987.

One of the main significance of this park is that it provides a peaceful and relaxing escape from the busy city life. The lush greenery, well-maintained landscapes, and serene lake provide a calming ambiance that attracts visitors of all ages. It is a great spot for families, couples, and individuals to unwind from their daily routines.

Moreover, Taman Tasik Sultan Abdul Aziz serves as a recreational space for outdoor activities such as jogging, cycling, picnicking, and birdwatching. The park also has various facilities like playgrounds, exercise stations, and pavilions that cater to the needs of visitors.

It also holds cultural events and festivals throughout the year. The annual Chinese New Year event at Taman Tasik Sultan Abdul Aziz is particularly famous among locals and tourists.

In addition to being a popular tourist destination and leisure spot, the park is a vital ecosystem that supports various flora and fauna. It is home to several species of birds and fishes which adds to the natural beauty of the park.

Overall, Taman Tasik Sultan Abdul Aziz plays an essential role in promoting green spaces in urban areas while providing recreational opportunities for people to connect with nature. It is a significant local attraction that showcases the country’s rich biodiversity and promotes healthy living through outdoor activities.

12. Can you recommend any traditional markets or bazaars for shopping and experiencing local culture in Shah Alam?


1. Pasar Seni Seksyen 2 Shah Alam: This is a popular bazaar in Shah Alam which offers a variety of local products and street food.

2. Setia City Mall Weekend Bazaar: Held every weekend, this bazaar features local vendors selling traditional handicrafts, clothing, accessories and more.

3. Taman Tasik Shah Alam Saturday Night Market: This night market offers a mix of traditional and modern shopping experiences with various stalls selling food, clothes, toys and more.

4. Selangor Farmers’ Night Market (Pasar Malam): Located at the PKNS Kompleks Bukit Jelutong, this night market showcases fresh produce from local farmers as well as other traditional goods.

5. Laman Seni 7 Arts & Market: This monthly art and craft market is held at Lake Garden Shah Alam and features a range of unique handmade items by local artisans.

6. Sri Petaling Tamantaring Bazaar: This lively bazaar is known for its affordable clothing, accessories, shoes and home décor items, perfect for bargain hunters.

7. Sunday Garden Market @ Alam Budiman: Discover a variety of fresh produce from local farmers as well as handmade items at this weekly market in Shah Alam.

8. Section 13 Night Market (Pasar Malam): Located near MSU University, this bustling night market offers an array of clothing, food and household goods at reasonable prices.

9. Central Plaza Giant Hypermarket Weekend Bazaar: The open-air bazaar features various vendors selling everything from fashion to home goods to pet supplies.

10. TTDI Grove Saturday Flora & Fauna Bazaar: Browse through beautiful plants and flowers as well as unique handcrafted items at this weekend bazaar located in the Idaman Hills Park.

11. Kota Damansara Night Market (Pasar Malam): This popular night market offers an exciting mix of local street food, clothing, accessories and more.

12. Klang Parade Flea Market: Located in the city of Klang near Shah Alam, this indoor flea market features a variety of local vendors selling second-hand goods, antiques and handmade crafts.

13. What role did Shah Alam play in Thailand’s history?


Shah Alam (also known as Phraya Taksin or King Taksin) was a key figure in Thailand’s history. He is credited with reuniting the country and establishing the Thonburi Kingdom after the fall of Ayutthaya at the hands of the Burmese in 1767. Shah Alam led a successful campaign against the Burmese, reclaiming territory and eventually establishing his capital at Thonburi. He is also known for his religious tolerance and incorporation of Chinese and European mercantile interests into his rule. His reign marked a period of stability and prosperity for Thailand, setting the stage for future monarchs to continue the kingdom’s expansion and modernization.

14. Are there any monuments or memorials dedicated to important figures or events in Shah Alam’s past?


Yes, there are several monuments and memorials in Shah Alam dedicated to important figures and events in its past. Some of these include:

1. Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Mosque – This distinctive blue-domed mosque is named after the late Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, who was responsible for relocating the capital of Selangor from Kuala Lumpur to Shah Alam in 1978.

2. Taman Tasik Shah Alam – This recreational park features a memorial sculpture dedicated to the late Raja Muda Musa, who played a significant role in the development of Shah Alam.

3. Kompleks DiRaja (Royal Complex) – This complex houses a large monument dedicated to Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, as well as smaller sculptures of other Selangor sultans.

4. Darul Ehsan Arch – Located at the entrance of the Federal Highway, this arch symbolizes the state’s name “Darul Ehsan” (Abode of Sincerity) and commemorates Selangor’s independence from British colonial rule on August 31, 1957.

5. Setia City Convention Centre – The convention centre features a bronze statue of former Prime Minister Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, who played a key role in developing and transforming Selangor into a modern state during his time as chief minister.

6. Malawati Stadium – This stadium features a statue of Malaysian football legend Datuk Mokhtar Dahari, known as SuperMokh, who was born and raised in Shah Alam.

7. Kanching Waterfall Memorial Park – Situated near Bukit Kanching Recreational Forest, this park includes a memorial to honor victims of the Japanese Occupation during World War II.

8. Japanese Cemetery Park – This park serves as a reminder of Japan’s occupation during WWII and houses several monuments and grave markers.

9. Bangunan Sultan Abdul Aziz – Known as Selangor’s old state secretariat building, this historical building features a plaque commemorating the declaration of Shah Alam as the new capital of Selangor on February 14, 1978.

10. Shah Alam Historical and Islamic Heritage Park – This park showcases the history and heritage of Selangor and features replicas of traditional Malay houses, a replica of a royal palace, and an ancient Islamic cemetery with several ancient tombstones.

15. How has urban development affected the landscape of traditional villages and neighborhoods in Shah Alam over time?


Urban development in Shah Alam has greatly transformed the landscape of traditional villages and neighborhoods over time. With the rapid growth and expansion of the city, many older traditional villages have been demolished to make way for modern high-rise buildings, commercial centers, and residential developments.

One of the major impacts of urban development on traditional villages and neighborhoods is the loss of green spaces and natural landscapes. As more land is used for construction and infrastructure projects, there is less space for trees, parks, and gardens. This not only affects the aesthetic appeal of the area but also contributes to environmental problems such as air pollution and urban heat islands.

Another significant change brought about by urban development is the shift from low-density housing to high-density housing in neighborhoods. Traditional village houses are often replaced with high-rise apartment buildings or gated communities, leading to a denser population in these areas. This has changed the social dynamics within communities as people living in high-rise apartments may have less interaction with their neighbors compared to those living in villages.

The increase in traffic and transportation infrastructure also has a major impact on the landscape of traditional villages and neighborhoods. The construction of highways and flyovers has divided communities and separated them from their surrounding areas, making it more difficult to access nearby amenities.

Additionally, as more people move into these developed areas, there has been an influx of new businesses such as shopping malls, supermarkets, and restaurants. This leads to changes in local economies as traditional shops and markets may struggle to compete with these larger establishments.

Overall, while urban development brings many benefits such as improved infrastructure and economic opportunities, it also significantly alters the landscape of traditional villages and neighborhoods in Shah Alam. These changes can have both positive and negative impacts on residents’ daily lives as well as on the cultural heritage of these areas.

16.Make sure to check out Royal Palace, where you can admire its magnificent architecture and learn about the royal family’s history.


17. Take a stroll through the trendy neighborhood of Nyhavn, known for its colorful houses and canal views.

18. Get an authentic taste of Danish cuisine at Torvehallerne, a popular food market with a variety of stalls selling local delicacies.

19. Experience the famous Tivoli Gardens, an amusement park that combines thrilling rides with beautifully landscaped gardens.

20. Visit Christiansborg Palace, home to the Danish Parliament and the Royal Reception Rooms.

21. Take a boat tour around Copenhagen’s canals to see the city from a different perspective.

22. Explore the unique and eclectic district of Christiania, known for its alternative lifestyle and vibrant street art.

23. Hike or bike through Fælledparken, one of the largest parks in Copenhagen and a popular spot for locals to relax and enjoy outdoor activities.

24. Learn about Denmark’s maritime history at The National Museum of Denmark, which showcases artifacts from Viking ships to modern naval vessels.

25. Spend an afternoon at Øksnehallen, a former cattle market turned cultural center where you can find exhibitions, concerts, and events throughout the year.

26. Enjoy a traditional Scandinavian sauna experience at Søbadeanstalten – a public bathhouse located on Amager Beach Park.

27. Marvel at contemporary art at Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, located just outside of Copenhagen and easily accessible by train or car.

28. Visit Rosenborg Castle and stroll through its beautiful gardens to get a glimpse into royal life in Denmark during the late Renaissance period.

29. Shop ’til you drop on Strøget – one of Europe’s longest pedestrian streets lined with high-end fashion brands as well as local boutiques selling unique designs.

30. End your trip on a sweet note by indulging in some Danish pastries like flødeboller or wienerbrød from one of Copenhagen’s many bakeries.

17.Are there any historical walking tours or trails that showcase different periods and eras of Shah Alam’s development?

Yes, there are several historical walking tours and trails available in Shah Alam that showcase different periods and eras of the city’s development. Some popular options include the Shah Alam Walk, which takes visitors on a 2-hour guided tour of the city’s historical sites and landmarks such as the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Mosque, the Shah Alam Royal Theatre, and the Selangor State Library.

Another option is the Heritage Trail at Kota Shah Alam, which follows a route through the old town area and highlights key historical sites such as the Shah Alam Museum, Sultan Abdul Aziz Royal Gallery, and the ruins of Kota Raja Mahadi. This trail also includes stops at traditional Malay houses, reflecting different architectural styles from various periods in Shah Alam’s history.

Other notable walking tours include Pusat Media Galeri Sultan Salahuddin (Sultan Salahuddin Media Gallery), which showcases exhibits on Selangor’s history and development through multimedia displays; and Laman Seni 7 obtaining Modern Art Walkway, a street art trail featuring murals by local artists that depict different eras of Malaysian history.

Visitors can also explore different neighborhoods of Shah Alam to get a sense of how they have evolved over time. For example, Seksyen 7 features modern buildings and amenities while Seksyen 13 has more traditional homes and attractions such as The Wet World Water Park.

Overall, these walking tours and trails offer a unique perspective on Shah Alam’s development over time, showcasing its rich history and diverse cultural influences.

18.What are some popular recreational activities available near historical landmarks, such as parks, gardens, or waterfalls?


1. Hiking and nature walks
2. Picnicking
3. Birdwatching
4. Photography
5. Boating or canoeing
6. Fishing
7. Bicycling or cycling tours
8. Horseback riding
9. Camping or glamping
10. Outdoor concerts or events
11. Adventure and zipline courses
12. Segway tours
13. Hot air balloon rides
14. Geocaching
15. River rafting or tubing
16. Wildlife viewing and safaris
17. Golfing at historical courses
18. Outdoor yoga or fitness classes
19. Painting or sketching classes
20.Historical reenactments or living history demonstrations

19.How have modern developments incorporated traditional elements into their design, allowing them to coexist with historical landmarks in Shah Alam?


Modern developments in Shah Alam have incorporated traditional elements into their design in various ways, allowing them to coexist with historical landmarks in a harmonious manner.

1. Architectural Features: Many modern buildings in Shah Alam have incorporated traditional architectural features such as arches, domes, and intricate details inspired by Malay and Islamic architecture. These elements not only add visual interest but also pay homage to the city’s rich cultural heritage.

2. Material Use: Traditional materials like timber, clay tiles, and terracotta are often used in the construction of modern buildings in Shah Alam. This helps to create a sense of continuity with the surrounding historical structures.

3. Colour Palette: Modern developments in Shah Alam often use a muted colour palette that is reminiscent of traditional Malay architecture. This allows these structures to blend seamlessly with the existing historical buildings.

4. Landscaping: Natural elements play an essential role in traditional Malaysian design, and this is reflected in modern developments as well. Buildings often feature lush greenery and water features inspired by Malay gardens, creating a serene and tranquil atmosphere.

5. Street Design: The streets and public spaces around modern developments are designed to be pedestrian-friendly, encouraging people to explore on foot just as they would have done traditionally.

6. Cultural Activities: Many modern developments incorporate spaces for cultural activities such as art exhibits or performances that showcase traditional dances, music, and crafts. This not only brings a sense of vitality to the area but also highlights the importance of preserving cultural heritage.

By incorporating these elements into their design, modern developments in Shah Alam pay respect to the city’s past while embracing its present and future growth. They create a balance between tradition and progress, allowing historical landmarks to coexist harmoniously with new developments.

20.Can you share any interesting facts or anecdotes about famous landmarks that are not commonly known by tourists?


1. The Great Wall of China is not a single, continuous wall. Instead, it is made up of multiple sections built over different time periods and by different dynasties.

2. The Pyramids of Giza were once covered in smooth white limestone, giving them a shining appearance that has long since been eroded away.

3. The Statue of Liberty was a gift from France to the United States and was intended to symbolize the friendship between the two countries.

4. The Eiffel Tower was originally intended to be a temporary structure for the 1889 World’s Fair but was kept due to its popularity and usefulness as a radio tower.

5. The Taj Mahal was designed with perfect symmetry, which means that each side is exactly identical to the other.

6. Machu Picchu is often referred to as the “Lost City of the Incas” because it remained hidden and unknown to outsiders until its discovery in 1911.

7. The Colosseum in Rome had retractable awnings made of sailcloth that could be used to shade spectators during events.

8. The Great Barrier Reef is home to more than 1,500 species of fish and over 400 types of coral, making it one of the most diverse ecosystems on Earth.

9. The Mona Lisa at the Louvre Museum has its very own room called the “Salle des États” (Hall of States) where it is displayed under special lighting and temperature controls.

10. Mount Rushmore originally included plans for sculptures depicting famous western figures like Lewis and Clark, but they were never completed due to lack of funds.

11.The Leaning Tower of Pisa actually leans because it was built on soft soil which couldn’t support its weight, causing it to tilt at an angle over time.

12.The Grand Canyon has been continuously inhabited by Native American tribes for thousands of years, dating back to prehistoric times.

13. The Great Wall of China was not built using mortar or cement, but instead relied on a technique called rammed earth construction.

14. The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco has been painted the same color, “International Orange,” since 1937 when it was first constructed.

15. Stonehenge is aligned with the movements of the sun and moon, leading some to believe it may have been used as an ancient calendar or for ritualistic purposes.

16. The London Eye, one of the city’s most popular attractions, was initially meant to be a temporary structure for the millennium celebrations but was kept due to its popularity.

17. The Moai statues on Easter Island were carved by Polynesian colonizers around A.D. 1200 and weigh up to 80 tons each.

18.Maxwell’s Market Cross in Scotland is believed to be Europe’s oldest market cross still standing, dating back to 1375.

19. The Great Sphinx in Egypt is believed to have been built around 2500 B.C., making it one of the oldest monuments in the world.

20. Niagara Falls is not just one waterfall, but actually a combination of three separate waterfalls: Horseshoe Falls, American Falls, and Bridal Veil Falls.