1. How old is the Dinh and Le temples in Bac Ninh?
The Dinh Temple was built in the 11th century, making it approximately 1000 years old. The Le Temple was built in the 18th century, making it approximately 300 years old.
2. What is the significance of But Thap Pagoda in Bac Ninh?
But Thap Pagoda, also known as Ninh Phuc Tu, is an ancient Buddhist temple in Bac Ninh province, Vietnam. It is one of the most important and popular pagodas in Vietnam, revered for its historical, cultural and architectural significance.
1. Historical Significance:
But Thap Pagoda was built by King Ly Thai To in the 13th century, during the Ly Dynasty. It was originally a small pagoda named Bao An Quoc, which was expanded and renovated over time. The pagoda has been through many wars and disasters but has managed to retain its original structure and hold great historical value as one of the oldest surviving pagodas in Vietnam.
2. Cultural Significance:
Located in a region with a long-standing Buddhist tradition, But Thap Pagoda is considered a sacred site by Buddhists in Vietnam. It is also known as an important center for Buddhist studies and meditation practices. The pagoda attracts thousands of visitors every year who come to admire its beauty and take part in religious ceremonies.
3. Architectural Significance:
The main architecture of But Thap Pagoda follows the traditional Vietnamese Buddhist style with curved roofs with dragon sculptures on top. The intricate wood carvings and stone statues add to the artistic value of the pagoda. The most remarkable feature of the pagoda is its ten-story tower that stands at 36 meters tall and holds numerous precious artifacts dating back to the 17th century.
4. Preservation Efforts:
The restoration and preservation of But Thap Pagoda are ongoing efforts by the local authorities to safeguard this national treasure for future generations. In addition to being recognized as a National Heritage Site in 2012, it was also acknowledged as a Special National Relic Site by the government.
5. Tourist Attraction:
As one of the prominent tourist attractions in Vietnam, But Thap Pagoda not only draws pilgrims and worshipers but also welcomes tourists from all over the world. Visitors can explore the pagoda’s magnificent architecture, learn about its rich history and immerse themselves in the tranquil and spiritual atmosphere of this ancient temple.
3. Why is Phat Tich Pagoda considered as a holy land in Bac Ninh?
Phat Tich Pagoda is considered a holy land in Bac Ninh for several reasons.
Firstly, it is believed to be the birthplace of King Ly Thai To, the founder of the Ly Dynasty and the first emperor of Vietnam. This connection to a significant figure in Vietnamese history makes it a sacred place for many Vietnamese people.
Secondly, according to legend, Phat Tich Pagoda was built on the spot where Buddha’s relics were obtained by King An Duong Vuong in ancient times. This relic has been preserved within the pagoda and is considered highly sacred by Buddhists.
Additionally, Phat Tich Pagoda is home to many important relics and historical artifacts, including hundreds of ancient statues and valuable steles dating back over a thousand years. Many of these relics are seen as symbols of enlightenment and are revered by visitors.
The pagoda also holds great cultural significance as one of the oldest surviving Buddhist structures in Vietnam, with its origins dating back to the 7th century. Its survival through various dynasties and periods of conflict make it an important symbol of resilience and perseverance for the Vietnamese people.
Lastly, Phat Tich Pagoda is known for its serene natural setting, with lush gardens and tranquil lakes surrounding the complex. This peaceful atmosphere adds to its spiritual ambiance and makes it an ideal destination for pilgrims seeking peace and tranquility. Overall, Phat Tich Pagoda’s combination of history, culture, symbolism, and natural beauty make it a revered holy land in Bac Ninh.
4. What are some traditional festivals celebrated at Huong Pagoda in Bac Ninh?
1. Huong Pagoda Festival – This is the most famous and important festival celebrated at Huong Pagoda. It takes place from the 6th day of the first lunar month to the end of the third lunar month, with the main festival events occurring on the 15th day of the second lunar month. The festival celebrates the arrival of spring and honors Buddhism with pilgrims coming to pray for blessings and good fortune.
2. Thien Tru Pagoda Festival – This festival is held on the 10th day of the third lunar month at Thien Tru Pagoda, which is one of the main temples within Huong Pagoda complex. The festival includes a grand procession, traditional music performances, and offerings to Buddha.
3. Perfume Offering Festival – Also known as “Cau Bong” or “Trao Co Lanh”, this festival is celebrated on the 18th day of the same month as Thien Tru Pagoda Festival. Pilgrims bring flowers, fruits, and incense sticks to offer at Thien Tru Pagoda for good luck and wealth.
4. Hat Xoan (Xoan Singing) Festival – This is a traditional singing festival that is held during three days in early spring (around mid-February). It features many folk songs performed by local villagers in honor of Goddess Lieu Hanh – a deity who is believed to reside at Huong Tich Cave.
5. Yen Tu Festival – Although not celebrated directly at Huong Pagoda, this famous festival takes place in nearby Quang Ninh Province during springtime (from February to March). It honors King Tran Nhan Tong – founder of Vietnamese Zen Buddhism – with various ritual ceremonies, cultural activities, and performances.
5. How did the Yen Tu Mountain become a popular pilgrimage site in Bac Ninh?
The Yen Tu Mountain became a popular pilgrimage site in Bac Ninh due to its strong association with the Buddhist religion and the life of King Tran Nhan Tong (1258-1308), who was the third king of the Tran Dynasty and is considered the founder of Vietnamese Zen Buddhism.
According to legend, after abdicating his throne, King Tran Nhan Tong chose to live on Yen Tu Mountain as a Buddhist monk and dedicated himself to spreading Buddhism throughout Vietnam. He also established a Buddhist sect called Truc Lam, which emphasized the practice of mindfulness and meditation.
Over time, many temples, pagodas, and shrines were built on Yen Tu Mountain in honor of King Tran Nhan Tong and his contributions to Buddhism. This attracted pilgrims from all over Vietnam who came to pay their respects and seek spiritual enlightenment.
Today, Yen Tu Mountain is home to over 30 historical and cultural relics, including the famous Dong Pagoda. Every year, thousands of visitors make the journey up the mountain to visit these sites and take part in religious ceremonies and rituals. The peaceful atmosphere and stunning natural beauty also add to the allure of this sacred mountain as a pilgrimage destination.
6. Can you visit any ancient houses or communal houses in Bac Ninh for a glimpse of local culture and architecture?
Yes, there are several ancient houses and communal houses that you can visit in Bac Ninh for a glimpse of local culture and architecture. Some popular ones include Dinh Bang Communal House, Tho Ha Communal House, Do Temple, and But Thap Pagoda. These places are not only architectural gems but also offer insights into the local history and traditions of Bac Ninh.
7. Is there a particular period or dynasty that heavily influenced the historical landmarks in Bac Ninh?
Yes, the period and dynasty that heavily influenced historical landmarks in Bac Ninh is the Ly Dynasty (1009-1225). During this period, many important sites and structures were built in Bac Ninh, including the old capital city of Ly Cong Uan (present-day Bac Ninh), which served as the political and cultural center of the kingdom. It was also during this time that prominent Buddhist temples such as But Thap Pagoda, Dau Pagoda, and Phat Tich Pagoda were constructed, showcasing a fusion of Chinese and Vietnamese architectural styles. The Ly Dynasty also left a lasting impact on the region’s literature, art, and music, making it known as a hub for cultural exchange and development. Today, many historical artifacts and relics from the Ly Dynasty can still be found in Bac Ninh’s museums and archeological sites.
8. What role does Dau Pagoda play in Vietnamese Buddhism and history?
Dau Pagoda, also known as Dau Thien Phuc Tu (Temple of Great Goodness), is a significant religious and historical site in Vietnamese Buddhism. Built in the 3rd century during the reign of King Ly Nam De, it is considered one of the oldest pagodas in Vietnam.
One of the main roles of Dau Pagoda is to serve as a place of worship for Buddhists. It is home to various statues and relics of Buddha and other revered figures, making it an important spiritual destination for believers to pay their respects and make offerings. The pagoda is also a center for Buddhist teachings and meditation, hosting regular ceremonies and rituals.
In addition to its religious significance, Dau Pagoda holds an important place in Vietnamese history. It was built on the site where legendary monk Khong Lo once lived and preached. He was believed to have magical powers and played a crucial role in defending Vietnam from invaders during the reign of King An Duong Vuong. The pagoda also served as a hub for anti-French resistance during colonial times, further cementing its role in Vietnamese history.
Today, Dau Pagoda continues to be an active center for Buddhist practice and serves as a symbol of cultural heritage for the Vietnamese people. Its unique architectural features, including a mix of Chinese, Indian, and Vietnamese styles, also make it a popular tourist attraction.
9. How has Ba Chua Kho temple, one of Vietnam’s oldest pagodas, stood the test of time in Bac Ninh?
Ba Chua Kho temple, also known as Ninh Phuc Tu, is located in the village of Luong Gia in Gia Dong commune, Bac Ninh province. It is believed to have been built during the 16th century by a monk named Vi Da Hanh.
1. Historical significance: Ba Chua Kho temple is one of the oldest pagodas in Vietnam and has been standing for more than 400 years. It holds great historical significance as it was built during the reign of Le Thanh Tong (1460-1497), one of the most influential emperors in Vietnamese history. The temple also played an important role in promoting Confucianism and traditional values in the region.
2. Architecture: The pagoda’s architecture is a blend of both Chinese and Vietnamese styles. The main hall has a three-door entrance with curved roofs decorated with intricate carvings and dragon-shaped pillars. Inside the main hall, there are three altars dedicated to the three deities worshipped at Ba Chua Kho temple – Ba Chua Nhi (the goddess of prosperity), Linh Lang (the god of happiness), and Thien Hau (the goddess of seafaring).
3. Cultural activities: Ba Chua Kho temple has been a center for cultural activities for centuries. Every year, from the 14th to the 16th day of the first lunar month, a festival is held at the temple to honor its founding monk Vi Da Hanh. During this festival, locals come to pray for blessings and offer incense to show their respect for their ancestors.
4. Preservation efforts: Despite its age, Ba Chua Kho temple has been well-preserved over time thanks to continuous restoration efforts by local authorities and donors. In 1991, it was recognized as a national historical-cultural site by the Ministry of Culture and Information.
5. Spiritual significance: Ba Chua Kho temple holds spiritual significance for the people of Bac Ninh and surrounding areas. Many locals believe that praying at this pagoda can bring good luck and prosperity to their families and businesses.
6. Pilgrimage destination: Ba Chua Kho temple is not only a popular tourist attraction but also a significant pilgrimage destination. Every year, thousands of visitors come to the temple to seek blessings, especially during the Lunar New Year festival.
7. Symbol of resilience: Despite being damaged during wars and natural disasters, Ba Chua Kho temple has always been restored and maintained by local authorities and residents. Its resilience over time has made it an enduring symbol of strength and determination for the Vietnamese people.
8. Cultural heritage site: In 2012, UNESCO recognized Bac Ninh province as a World Intangible Cultural Heritage Site for its rich cultural traditions, including Ba Chua Kho temple’s festivals and rituals.
9. Community support: The local community plays a crucial role in preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of Ba Chua Kho temple. They actively participate in organizing festivals, maintaining the pagoda’s cleanliness, and protecting its historical artifacts.
In conclusion, with its rich history, beautiful architecture, cultural significance, and strong community support, Ba Chua Kho temple has stood the test of time as one of Vietnam’s oldest pagodas in Bac Ninh province.
10. Are there any remnants or ruins of previous dynasties in the province, such as Thanh Hoa Citadel?
Yes, there are several remnants and ruins of previous dynasties in Thanh Hoa province, including:
1. The Ho Citadel: Built in the 14th century during the Ho dynasty (1400-1407), this citadel is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It served as the political, economic, and cultural center of the kingdom.
2. Lam Kinh Complex: This complex was built by Le Loi, the founder of the Later Le dynasty (1428-1527). It includes temples, palaces, and tombs.
3. Tien Trang Pagoda: Built in the 13th century during the Tran dynasty (1225-1400), this pagoda is a unique architectural blend of Chinese, Cham, and Vietnamese styles.
4. Mouzon Citadel: This citadel was built in the 19th century by French colonists on top of an old Van Xuan Fortress from the Mac dynasty (1527-1592).
5. Bai Din Citadel: Located in Nga Son district, this citadel was built during the Tran dynasty to defend against enemy invasions.
6. Sam Son Ancient Citadel: Also known as Thanh Ne citadel, it was built during the Ly dynasty (1009-1225) to protect against Mongol invasions.
7. Cam Luong Pagoda: This ancient pagoda dates back to the Tran dynasty and is considered one of Thanh Hoa’s most scenic landmarks.
8. An Lang Citadel: Built during the Nguyen dynasty (1802-1945), this citadel was a strategic military stronghold in Tho Xuan district.
9. Ben En National Park: The park has ancient ruins from various dynasties, including the Ho, Later Le, Tay Son (1778–1802), Nguyen dynasties.
10.Sam Chem Historical Site: This site houses ancient relics such as stone axes and pottery from the prehistoric Son Vi civilization (3000 BCE – 600 BCE).
11. What makes Phu Dong Communal House unique among other communal houses in Vietnam?
Phu Dong Communal House is unique among other communal houses in Vietnam for several reasons.
1) Its age: Phu Dong Communal House was built during the Ly Dynasty in the 12th century, making it one of the oldest communal houses in Vietnam. This long history contributes to its cultural and historical value.
2) Its architecture: Phu Dong Communal House features a blend of Chinese, Vietnamese, and Cham architectural styles. It has a three-door gate, a large courtyard, and a main hall with curved roofs decorated with intricate wood carvings.
3) Its cultural significance: The communal house is dedicated to the worship of Duke Vuong Quy Cong, who is considered the god protector of Hanoi’s water supply. It also serves as a gathering place for local villagers to hold ceremonies and festivals honoring their ancestors.
4) Its preservation: Unlike many other ancient structures that have been renovated or modified over time, Phu Dong Communal House has remained mostly intact, preserving its original architecture and cultural heritage.
5) Its connection to folklore legends: According to local folklore, Duke Vuong Quy Cong helped defeat evil spirits and save the village from drought. These legends add to the mystical and spiritual atmosphere surrounding the communal house.
12. Is there any significant connection between Quan Ho singing practice and Bac Ninh’s cultural heritage sites?
There is a significant connection between Quan Ho singing practice and Bac Ninh’s cultural heritage sites as both are deeply intertwined with the history and culture of the province. Many Quan Ho songs are inspired by the landscapes, traditions, and festivals of Bac Ninh, and some even mention specific cultural heritage sites such as temples, pagodas, and old villages. Additionally, these cultural heritage sites often serve as important venues for Quan Ho performances and gatherings. They also play a crucial role in preserving and promoting the traditional art form through hosting events such as festivals and competitions. Overall, Quan Ho singing practice is closely tied to Bac Ninh’s cultural heritage sites, highlighting their significance in shaping the local identity and promoting cultural tourism in the province.
13. Can you kayak through Duong River to explore the landscape and ancient villages of Quan Son Lake?
Yes, it is possible to kayak through Duong River to explore the landscape and ancient villages of Quan Son Lake. Many tour companies offer kayaking trips along the river and around the lake, providing a unique opportunity to see the area’s natural beauty and traditional villages from a different perspective. However, it is important to note that kayaking may not always be allowed on certain portions of Duong River depending on water levels and other factors. It is best to check with local authorities or tour companies before planning a kayaking trip on the river.
14. Is Cau Temple only dedicated to local deities or are there also national heroes worshipped here?
Cau Temple is primarily dedicated to local deities, but there are also national heroes worshipped here. Some of the most prominent national heroes worshipped at Cau Temple include Tran Hung Dao (a famous military general from the 13th century) and Le Loi (the first ruler of the Later Ly Dynasty in the 15th century). Both of these figures are highly revered in Vietnamese history and are often venerated as protector deities at Cau Temple.
15. How have local organizations and authorities preserved and restored landmarks like Chu Dau Ceramic Village throughout history?
Local organizations and authorities have taken various measures to preserve and restore landmarks like Chu Dau Ceramic Village throughout history. These include:
1. Government recognition and protection: Local authorities have recognized the cultural, historical, and artistic value of landmarks like Chu Dau Ceramic Village and provided official recognition and protection through legislation, designation as national treasures or cultural heritages, and inclusion in national or local heritage lists.
2. Restoration projects: In order to preserve the physical structures of the village, local authorities have initiated restoration projects, often with funding from the government or international organizations. These projects involve skilled craftsmen and artisans who use traditional techniques to repair damaged buildings and structures.
3. Conservation efforts: In addition to restoring specific buildings or structures, conservation efforts also focus on preserving the overall environment of the village. This includes measures such as limiting urban development, protecting natural landscapes, managing waste disposal, and promoting sustainable tourism.
4. Education and awareness: Local organizations and authorities have also placed a strong emphasis on educating the public about the importance of preserving landmarks like Chu Dau Ceramic Village. This includes organizing tours, creating educational materials, and hosting events that highlight the history and significance of these sites.
5. Community involvement: The preservation of landmarks like Chu Dau Ceramic Village often involves close collaboration between local communities, organizations, and authorities. Community members may be involved in restoration projects, maintaining traditional craftsmanship skills for future generations, or promoting responsible tourism practices to protect their cultural heritage.
6. Financial incentives: To encourage private ownership to invest in the preservation of historic landmarks like Chu Dau Ceramic Village, governments may create financial incentives such as tax exemptions or subsidies for restoration work.
7. International cooperation: In some cases, international organizations such as UNESCO provide technical assistance or funding for preservation efforts in partnership with local authorities.
Overall, local organizations and authorities play a significant role in preserving landmarks like Chu Dau Ceramic Village by implementing strategies that ensure the cultural, historical, and artistic value of these sites are passed on to future generations.
16.Can visitors climb to the peak of Non Nuoc Mountain for stunning views of forests, waterfalls, and surrounding villages?
No, visitors are not allowed to climb to the peak of Non Nuoc Mountain. The mountain is primarily a protected area for wildlife and there are no designated trails or facilities for climbing. However, visitors can still enjoy stunning views of the forests, waterfalls, and villages from designated viewpoints on lower levels of the mountain.
17.What sacred element gave Dong Giao Historical Site its name and spiritual value to locals?
The sacred element is a bronze bell called Dong Giao (also known as the Great Bell) which is believed to have magical powers and is associated with the legend of King Hung Vuong, the mythical founder of Vietnam. It is considered a symbol of power, protection, and good fortune by locals, adding to the spiritual significance of the historical site.
18.Do locals still use Keo Pagoda yearly for springtime worshipping ceremonies like Viatnamese tradition states?
Yes, locals still use Keo Pagoda for springtime worshipping ceremonies. As a traditional and cultural landmark in Vietnam, Keo Pagoda is an important destination for local people to pay their respects and offer prayers during major festivals such as Lunar New Year. The pagoda also holds other rituals and ceremonies throughout the year, attracting a large number of worshippers from nearby villages and cities.
19.Has history shaped the ongoing architecture and cultural development of Gia Dinh Leopard Pagoda?
Yes, history has played a significant role in shaping the ongoing architecture and cultural development of Gia Dinh Leopard Pagoda. The pagoda, also known as Thien Hau Temple, dates back to the 18th century when it was originally built by Chinese settlers in Gia Dinh (now Ho Chi Minh City). It has been rebuilt and expanded several times throughout its history, most notably during the French colonial period.
During the French colonial rule, there was a surge of Western influence in Vietnam’s architecture, including religious buildings. This is evident in the pagoda’s mix of Eastern and Western design elements. For example, while the main gate and roofs are traditional Chinese-style, the entrance hall and bell tower showcase French colonial architectural features.
Additionally, Gia Dinh Leopard Pagoda’s rich history and association with Buddhism have made it a popular destination for pilgrims and tourists alike. As a result, over time, various cultural elements have been incorporated into its design and worship rituals. This includes influences from different regions of Vietnam such as Champa (Central Vietnam) and Khmer (Southern Vietnam), enriching its overall cultural significance.
Today, Gia Dinh Leopard Pagoda continues to be an important center for Buddhist practice and a symbol of cultural diversity in Ho Chi Minh City. Its unique architectural blend and diverse cultural influences reflect the city’s complex history and make it an essential part of its ongoing development.
20.Which historical landmarks or sightseeing spots in Bac Ninh are off-the-beaten path and lesser known to tourists?
1. But Thap Pagoda: This unique and ancient structure is often overlooked by tourists, but is a favorite among locals for its peaceful atmosphere and stunning architecture.
2. Dong Dinh Museum: This privately owned museum houses an impressive collection of artifacts and antiques from Bac Ninh’s history, displaying the rich culture of the region.
3. Cau Temple: Located on the banks of the Duong River, this temple is famous for its beautiful wooden carvings and peaceful setting.
4. Lang Ancestral House: One of the oldest houses in Bac Ninh, this traditional wooden house offers a glimpse into the lives of wealthy families in the region during the 18th-19th centuries.
5. Dau Pagoda: Built in the 3rd century, this pagoda features a unique mix of Vietnamese, Chinese, and Indian architectural styles.
6. The Mai Bridge: This stone bridge is an important cultural symbol for Bac Ninh and offers great views of the surrounding countryside.
7. Boi Khe Pagoda: Surrounded by lush greenery, this small pagoda boasts intricate wood carvings and serene gardens.
8. Luu Xa Village: Known as a cradle of traditional Vietnamese music, this village is home to many skilled musicians who perform on unique string instruments such as dan bau and dan nguyet.
9. Le Mat Snake Village: Famous for its snake farms and snake-related dishes, this village also has many temples with fascinating local legends attached to them.
10. Go Kenh Shrine: A hidden gem located in Tien Du district, this shrine was built around a natural spring and attracts many worshippers seeking blessings for health and prosperity.