1. What is the most iconic historical landmark in Matara?
The most iconic historical landmark in Matara is the Fort Matara, also known as Dutch Fort or Dutch Star Fort. It was built by the Dutch in the late 17th century and is a symbol of the city’s rich colonial history.
2. How can one reach the popular Paravi Duwa temple in Matara?
One can reach the popular Paravi Duwa temple in Matara by taking a bus, train, or taxi from Colombo or any major city in Sri Lanka. The temple is located about 20 kilometers north of Matara town and can be easily reached by road. Visitors can also hire a private car or scooter to get to the temple. From the main road, there is a short walk down a small pathway to reach the temple, as it is situated on an island in the middle of the river.
3. What are the must-visit archaeological sites around Matara?
1) Mulgirigala Rock Temple – Located in the Hambantota District, this ancient rock temple dates back to the 3rd century BC and features impressive Buddhist cave paintings and statues.
2) Matara Fort – Built by the Portuguese in the 16th century, this fort has a rich history and offers stunning views of the ocean.
3) Wewurukannala Vihara – Another important Buddhist temple, this site boasts a giant Buddha statue and intricately painted murals inside its main hall.
4) Buduruvagala – This site features an impressive collection of rock-cut statues from the 8th century, including a towering standing Buddha statue.
5) Kirinda Temple – The Kirinda Temple is believed to have been built by King Kavantissa in the 2nd century BC and offers breathtaking views of the Indian Ocean.
6) Ussangoda National Park – This park is known for its unique geological formations and has evidence of ancient human habitation dating back to prehistoric times.
7) Kustaraja Gala (Royal Rock Cave) – Located in Denipitiya village, this cave houses various ancient inscriptions and is believed to have been used by royalty for meditation purposes.
4. Can you share some interesting facts about the Dutch Fort in Matara?
Yes, the Dutch Fort in Matara was built by the Dutch East India Company in 1640 and is one of the few remaining forts built during colonial rule in Sri Lanka. It is also known as “Star Fort” due to its unique shape resembling a star when viewed from above. It was designed to defend against maritime attacks and has been well-preserved throughout history. The fort also served as an important trading post for spices and other goods between Europe and Asia. Today, it is a popular tourist attraction and has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
5. Is there any significant religious place of worship in Matara?
Yes, there are several significant religious places of worship in Matara. These include the Matara Bodhiya, a Buddhist temple with a sacred Bodhi tree, the St. Mary’s Church, one of the oldest Catholic churches in Sri Lanka, and the Ariyapala Mask Museum which showcases traditional masks used in religious ceremonies. There are also mosques and Hindu temples in the city, reflecting the diverse religious landscape of Sri Lanka.
6. How did the British rule influence the architecture and design of buildings in Matara?
The British rule in Matara introduced elements of Western architecture into the design and construction of buildings. This was evident in the use of brick and mortar instead of traditional materials such as mud and thatch, as well as the incorporation of symmetrical layouts, arched doorways, and decorative cornices. The style known as “British Colonial Architecture” became popular during this time and can be seen in many government buildings, churches, and mansions throughout Matara. Additionally, the British also influenced the use of new building techniques and technology, which resulted in larger and more complex structures being built. Overall, British rule had a significant impact on the architectural landscape of Matara, blending traditional Sri Lankan designs with Western influences.
7. Can you recommend a scenic spot for sightseeing in Matara?
Yes, I can recommend the Polhena Beach in Matara for a scenic spot to visit for sightseeing. It offers stunning views of the ocean and is known for its picturesque sunsets.
8. Are there any ancient ruins or structures to see in and around Matara?
Yes, there are several ancient ruins and structures in and around Matara. Some notable ones include the Matara Fort, a Dutch colonial structure built in the 17th century, and the Dondra Lighthouse, a historic lighthouse dating back to the 19th century. Additionally, there are several Buddhist temples and monasteries scattered throughout the area that have ancient relics and architecture. The famous Mulgirigala Raja Maha Vihara, an ancient rock temple with intricate carvings and paintings, is also located near Matara.
9. What is the story behind the iconic Weherahena Temple stupa that towers over Matara’s landscape?
The Weherahena Temple stupa is a significant Buddhist religious site located in Matara, Sri Lanka. It is believed to have been built in the 18th century by King Rajadhi Rajasinha, as a way to commemorate and honor his parents. The stupa stands at an impressive height of 100 feet and is adorned with intricate carvings and colorful paintings depicting scenes from Buddhist folklore. According to legend, the king himself had carried stones from different regions of Sri Lanka and used them to construct the stupa. It is also said that he placed valuable treasures inside the stupa before sealing it off, which remains a mystery to this day. The stupa continues to be a popular pilgrimage site for devotees and tourists alike, drawing visitors with its grandeur and spiritual significance. Today, the Weherahena Temple stupa serves as an iconic landmark representing the rich cultural heritage of Sri Lanka.
10. Are there any historical walks or tours available in Matara to learn about its rich history?
Yes, there are various historical walks and tours available in Matara that offer insights into the city’s rich history. Some popular ones include the Old Dutch Fort Walking Tour, which takes you through the centuries-old fort built by the Dutch in the 17th century, and the Matara City Heritage Tour, which covers key landmarks such as temples, colonial-era buildings, and cultural sites. Many local tour operators also offer customized tours for a more personalized experience.
11. Have any famous historical events taken place in Matara that have shaped its present-day landscape?
Yes, there have been several significant historical events that have taken place in Matara that have shaped its present-day landscape. These include the arrival of Portuguese colonizers in the 16th century, the establishment of Dutch rule in the 17th century, and the subsequent British takeover in the 18th century. These colonial powers brought about major changes in terms of architecture, culture, and trade, which can still be seen in some areas of Matara today. Additionally, important political and social movements such as Sri Lanka’s independence struggle and the civil war also impacted the city and contributed to its current state.
12. Does Matara have any connection to Sri Lanka’s colonial past? If yes, how evident is it today?
Yes, Matara has a significant connection to Sri Lanka’s colonial past. It was an important port city during the Portuguese and Dutch colonial eras, with the Dutch establishing a fort in the city in the 17th century. This fort is one of the main historical landmarks in Matara today and serves as a reminder of its colonial history.
Other than the fort, there are also other remnants of colonial architecture in Matara, such as old government buildings and churches built by the Portuguese and Dutch. These structures are still standing and can be seen throughout the city, highlighting its colonial influence.
Additionally, Sri Lanka’s British colonial rule also had an impact on Matara. The city was chosen as one of the first places to introduce railway transportation by the British in 1895. Today, this railway network still exists and connects Matara to other major cities in Sri Lanka.
Overall, while some aspects of Matara’s colonial past have been preserved and can still be seen today, much of it has been integrated into modern infrastructure and society. However, the city’s rich history is evident through its cultural traditions and customs that have been influenced by its colonial rulers.
13. Which historical landmark offers the best views of the city and its surroundings from above?
The Empire State Building offers the best views of New York City and its surroundings from above.
14. Can you suggest a good spot for a leisurely picnic with family amidst history and nature in Matara?
Yes, I would suggest going to the Old Dutch Market in Matara which is located in close proximity to both nature and historical landmarks. The market itself has a charming colonial-era atmosphere and you can find a variety of local snacks and fruits for your picnic. Nearby, you can visit the Matara Fort with its beautiful views of the Indian Ocean or take a stroll through the tranquil gardens of Parevi Duwa Temple. Another option would be visiting Polhena Beach where you can enjoy a picnic while watching breathtaking sunsets and observing marine life in the coral reefs.
15. Is there any ancient Buddhist site near Matara worth visiting for spiritual seekers or history enthusiasts?
Yes, there is an ancient Buddhist site near Matara called Mulkirigala Rock Temple. It is a popular pilgrimage site for both spiritual seekers and history enthusiasts. The temple complex is built on a giant rock formation, and features several caves with ancient paintings and statues of Buddha. Visitors can also climb to the top of the rock for stunning views of the surrounding area. Additionally, there are several meditation areas within the temple where visitors can find tranquility and connect with their spiritual self.
16. How does architecture and design vary among different eras represented by landmarks and monuments in Matara?
Architecture and design vary significantly among different eras represented by landmarks and monuments in Matara. Each era has its own unique style, influenced by cultural, historical, and technological factors.
For example, the ancient Buddhist temples and stupas from the Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa periods feature intricate stone carvings, mandala patterns, and terracotta brickwork. These designs not only served a religious purpose but also demonstrated the craftsmanship of the time.
During the Portuguese colonial period, we see a mix of European and Sri Lankan styles in buildings such as the Matara Fort. The architecture in this era combines elements of Romanesque, Gothic, and Baroque styles with traditional Sri Lankan architectural features like high pitched roofs and verandas.
In contrast, Dutch colonial architecture is characterized by more symmetrical and simpler designs, with long windows and gables. This style can be seen in structures such as the Old Dutch Reformed Church in Matara.
The British colonial period saw a shift towards neoclassical style buildings with elements like columns, domes, and porticos. This can be seen in notable landmarks such as the old Matara Rest House.
Today, modern architecture can be found alongside these historical structures in Matara. Modern designs often incorporate green building principles such as sustainable materials and energy-efficient features.
Overall, each era’s architecture in Matara reflects its cultural influences and unique trends while also showcasing the evolution of design over time.
17. Was there ever an important port or trading center located near coastal forts like Fort Star fort built by Portuguese invaders?
Yes, there were several important ports and trading centers located near coastal forts like Fort Star fort built by Portuguese invaders. One notable example is the city of Goa in India, which served as a major port for the Portuguese during their colonial rule in the 16th to 18th centuries. Other examples include Macau in China and Melaka in Malaysia, both of which were important trade hubs during the time of Portuguese colonization. These coastal forts and their associated ports played a significant role in facilitating trade and controlling maritime commerce routes during this period.
18. How has modern development affected traditional methods used by locals to make handicrafts unique to this region?
Modern development has inevitably impacted traditional methods used by locals to make handicrafts unique to this region. With the rise of technology and global trade, there has been a shift towards mass production and standardized techniques, resulting in a decline in the authenticity and individuality of handmade crafts. Additionally, traditional crafts may also be facing competition from cheaper, factory-made alternatives. However, on the other hand, modernization has also brought opportunities for innovation and new markets for these crafts to thrive. It is important for local communities to find a balance between preserving their cultural heritage and adapting to changing times in order to sustain their traditional methods of craft-making.
19.Matataba, Ratnapura, Colombo all cater to gem industry owing to abundance of minerals on island but what makes gems found, processed and sold here unique compared to other cities?
The unique aspect of gems found, processed and sold in Matataba, Ratnapura, and Colombo is primarily due to the island’s rich mineral resources. The geology of Sri Lanka has created a variety of precious and semi-precious gemstones that are not found in other cities or countries. These include Ceylon sapphires, rubies, topaz, amethysts, moonstones, and many more.
Additionally, the traditional methods used for gemstone extraction and processing in Sri Lanka have been perfected over centuries and passed down through generations. This gives the gems a distinct quality and craftsmanship that is highly sought after by collectors and buyers globally.
Moreover, the extensive expertise of local artisans in shaping and polishing these gems into unique cuts further adds to their exclusivity. Each gemstone is carefully handcrafted to highlight its natural beauty and bring out its maximum brilliance.
Lastly, the gem industry in Sri Lanka is highly regulated by the government to ensure ethical sourcing practices and standards are followed. This guarantees that buyers can trust the authenticity of the gemstones they purchase from these cities, making them even more unique compared to other locations around the world where ethical standards may not be as strictly enforced.
20. What is the best way to experience and understand Matara’s cultural heritage and traditions?
The best way to experience and understand Matara’s cultural heritage and traditions is to immerse oneself in the local community and participate in cultural events, festivals, and activities. Visiting historic landmarks, museums, and interacting with locals can also provide insight into the rich culture and traditions of Matara. Additionally, researching and learning about the history and significance of various customs and practices can deepen one’s understanding of Matara’s cultural heritage.