1. What is the significance of Shwethalyaung Buddha in Myanmar/Burma?
The Shwethalyaung Buddha is significant in Myanmar, also known as Burma, because it is one of the largest reclining Buddha statues in the world. It measures 55 meters long and is adorned with gold leaf and colorful glass mosaics. The statue is believed to have been built during the 10th century by King Migadepa of the Thaton Kingdom, and was later rediscovered in the late 19th century by British colonial officer Sir Arthur Phayre. It represents the peaceful nature of Buddhism and is a popular pilgrimage site for both locals and tourists alike. Additionally, the statue has survived numerous natural disasters and remains an important cultural landmark in Myanmar’s history and religion.
2. Can you tell us about the history and origins of Shwethalyaung Buddha?
Yes, Shwethalyaung Buddha is a famous Buddha statue located in Bago, Myanmar. It is believed to have been built during the 10th century by King Migadippa and originally stood at a height of 27 meters (88 feet). The statue was said to have been lost and forgotten for many years until it was rediscovered and renovated during the British colonial rule in the late 19th century.
The name “Shwethalyaung” translates to “golden God” or “White Elephant,” based on the legend that it was built on the site where a white elephant carrying relics of Gautama Buddha had stopped. The original statue was made of bricks and stucco, but it has gone through many renovations, and its current appearance dates back to the 15th century when it was reconstructed with concrete and covered with gold paint.
One interesting fact about Shwethalyaung Buddha is that it is believed to be one of the largest reclining Buddha statues in the world, measuring at 55 meters (180 feet) long and 16 meters (52 feet) high. It depicts Gautama Buddha lying on his right side with his head supported by his right hand, symbolizing his passing into parinirvana or final nirvana.
The statue has endured many challenges throughout its history, including damage from earthquakes and wars. However, it has been continuously restored as a significant religious site for Buddhists in Myanmar. Today, Shwethalyaung Buddha remains a popular tourist attraction, drawing visitors from all over the world to admire its grandeur and learn about its rich history and cultural significance in Myanmar.
3. How long did it take to build the Shwethalyaung Buddha?
According to historical records, it took approximately six years to build the Shwethalyaung Buddha.
4. What are some unique architectural features of Shwethalyaung Buddha?
Some unique architectural features of Shwethalyaung Buddha include its sheer size (stretching over 180 feet in length), the reclining position of the Buddha with its head resting on a lotus flower, and intricate details and designs carved into the statue such as intricate robe folds, facial expressions, and ornate decorations. Additionally, the statue is built with special techniques to withstand earthquakes and other natural disasters.
5. Is there a specific meaning behind the name “Shwethalyaung”?
Yes, Shwethalyaung is the name of a famous reclining Buddha statue in Myanmar. “Shwetha” means white and “lyaung” means statue in the Burmese language, hence the name translates to “White Statue.” The statue is believed to represent the Buddha’s entry into Nirvana and has significant religious and cultural significance within Myanmar.
6. How did the statue survive over 1000 years without much damage or restoration?
The statue likely survived through various factors such as being made from durable materials, being located in a protected or remote area, and potentially receiving periodic maintenance or restoration efforts.
7. Who were the main people responsible for building the Shwethalyaung Buddha?
The main people responsible for building the Shwethalyaung Buddha were King Dhammazedi and his two queens, Queen Khin Saw and Queen Shin Saw.
8. What materials were used in the construction of Shwethalyaung Buddha?
The Shwethalyaung Buddha was constructed using brick, stucco, and gold leaf.
9. How has the surrounding area around Shwethalyaung Buddha changed over time?
The surrounding area around Shwethalyaung Buddha has changed over time due to developments in the region such as urbanization, increased tourism, and modernization. The once rural landscape has transformed into a bustling city with infrastructure such as roads, buildings, and businesses being built around the temple. The number of visitors to the site has also significantly increased over the years, resulting in changes to the surrounding environment to accommodate for these tourists. Additionally, there may have been natural changes to the area such as erosion or growth of vegetation that could have altered the appearance of the surroundings.
10. Are there any notable events or festivals associated with Shwethalyaung Buddha?
Yes, there is an important festival called Magha Puja that is celebrated in Thailand and other Buddhist countries to honor the Shwethalyaung Buddha. This festival usually falls on the full moon day in the month of Magha (February or March) and involves offerings of food, flowers, and incense to the Buddha statue. It is also a time for meditation, teachings, and other celebrations at Buddhist temples and monasteries. Additionally, there are cultural events and parades held during this festival to showcase the importance of Buddhism in these countries.
11. Can visitors enter inside the statue or is it purely an exterior attraction?
Visitors are not able to enter inside the statue, as it is purely an exterior attraction.
12. Are there any legends or myths associated with Shwethalyaung Buddha and its construction?
Yes, there are several legends and myths surrounding the construction and history of the Shwethalyaung Buddha. One popular myth is that the Buddha himself visited the site in person during his lifetime and blessed the area, declaring it to be sacred ground. Another legend suggests that the statue was originally built using solid gold but was later covered with gold leaf to protect it from thieves. There are also stories of miraculous events occurring at the site, such as healing of illnesses and fulfilled wishes for those who visit and pay their respects to the Buddha. However, these stories cannot be confirmed as fact and should be taken as part of the rich cultural tradition surrounding Shwethalyaung Buddha.
13. Did any famous rulers or leaders visit Shwethalyaung Buddha, and if so, who were they?
Yes, several famous rulers and leaders have visited the Shwethalyaung Buddha. Some notable examples include King Asoka of India in the 3rd century BCE, King Anawrahta of Burma in the 11th century CE, and King Bodawpaya of Burma in the 18th century CE.
14. Are there any other significant landmarks or attractions near Shwethalyaung Buddha?
Yes, there are several other significant landmarks and attractions near Shwethalyaung Buddha. These include the Reclining Buddha Music Room, the Bago Palace, the Kyaikpun Pagoda, and the Mahazedi Pagoda.
15. How does the architecture of Shwethalyaung Buddha differ from other Buddhist statues in Myanmar/Burma?
The architecture of Shwethalyaung Buddha is distinct in its structure and features compared to other Buddhist statues in Myanmar/Burma. First, the sheer size of the statue sets it apart, standing at a height of 55 meters and a length of 180 meters. This makes it one of the largest reclining Buddha statues in the world. Additionally, unlike many other Buddhist statues which are made of stone or stucco, Shwethalyaung Buddha is made entirely out of brick and covered in plaster.
Another unique aspect is that the statue was originally built outdoors and not inside a temple, which was common for most Buddhist statues. However, due to deterioration over time, it has now been moved indoors to its current location at the Shwethalyaung Pagoda.
In terms of design, Shwethalyaung Buddha follows traditional Burmese style with a strong influence from Mon architecture. It has a curved posture with an elongated head and pointed floral patterns on its robe. Its face also has distinct features such as almond-shaped eyes and full lips, which differ from the traditional calm expression seen on most other Buddhist statues.
Overall, the architecture of Shwethalyaung Buddha showcases a unique blend of Mon-Burmese style combined with its massive size and material used, making it a one-of-a-kind Buddhist statue in Myanmar/Burma.
16. Have there been any attempts at stealing or vandalizing the statue in its long history?
Yes, there have been several attempts at stealing or vandalizing the statue throughout its long history. In 1913, four pieces of the bronze statue of Lincoln’s hand were stolen, but they were later returned. In 1958, the head of the statue was vandalized with red paint by a protester. More recently in 2012, someone tried to spray paint “F*** law” on the base of the monument, but it was quickly removed. These attempts at stealing or defacing the statue highlight its importance and significance as a national memorial.
17. Is photography allowed at Shwethalyaung Buddha, and if so, are there any restrictions?
Yes, photography is allowed at Shwethalyaung Buddha. There are no specific restrictions regarding photography at the site, but visitors are expected to be respectful and not disturb other visitors or damage any artifacts while taking photos.
18. Is there a dress code for visitors at Shwethalyaung Buddha?
Yes, there is a dress code for visitors at Shwethalyaung Buddha. Visitors are expected to dress modestly and cover their shoulders and legs. Shorts, tank tops, and revealing clothing are not allowed.
19. Can visitors interact with monks or nuns at the nearby temple complex?
Yes, visitors are typically able to interact with monks or nuns at nearby temple complexes. However, the level of interaction or access may vary depending on the specific temple and traditions in place. Some temples may allow for casual conversations and interactions, while others may require a more formal approach and adherence to certain guidelines or rules. It is always best to research and respect the customs and expectations of the specific temple before visiting.
20. What advice would you give to someone planning a visit to Shwethalyaung Buddha for the first time?
My advice would be to research the cultural and religious significance of the Shwethalyaung Buddha beforehand, so that you can better appreciate the site. It is also important to dress modestly and respectfully, as it is a sacred place. Be prepared for crowds, as it is a popular tourist attraction. Finally, make sure to follow any guidelines or rules set by the site and its caretakers to ensure a positive experience for all visitors.